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Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha creado un desafío nunca antes visto en los sistemas de salud generando una carga que ha venido creciendo exponencialmente. Objetivo: El objetivo principal de esta revisión es conocer las indicaciones de dicha terapia ya que las dos principales causas de muerte en este proceso patológico son la hipoxemia que no responde asociada al distrés respiratorio y el choque con sus subsecuentes fallos multiorgánicos. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura reciente sobre el soporte con membrana extracorpórea el cual se ha utilizado en pacientes con fallo ventilatorio que no responden al manejo en decúbito prono y con parámetros adecuados. Resultados: Es muy poca la evidencia científica disponible hasta el momento dado que son muy pocos los grupos expertos en el área de dicho soporte, sin embargo, se encontró en la revisión que existe indicación formal de dicho soporte en pacientes con COVID-19 que no respondan a las medidas de manejo tradicional. Conclusión: El soporte con membrana extracorpórea ha surgido como una alternativa para tener en cuenta en el escalafón de medidas terapéuticas en pacientes que no responden a manejo tradicional, estos pacientes deben ser muy rigurosamente seleccionados buscando prolongar la supervivencia.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2022 Luis Andres Dulcey Sarmiento, Juan Sebastián Theran-León, Raimondo Caltagirone, Jhon Fredy Castillo-Blanco